铁道建筑

我国高速铁路轮轨匹配关系复杂，多条高铁线路相继出现了动车组异常振动。本文调研了典型的构架横向加速度报警、抖车、晃车等动车组异常振动情况，建立车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型，仿真分析了钢轨廓形对动车组运行状态的影响，并提出了钢轨廓形偏差控制限值。结果表明：钢轨欠打磨或过打磨会造成轮轨匹配关系不良，等效锥度过大或过小，容易引起动车组异常振动；当负偏差绝对值大于0.3 mm时，轮轨匹配等效锥度接近管理限值（0.10），车辆容易出现低锥度一次蛇行运动，横向平稳性指标超过2.5，导致构架加速度、舒适性指标偏高；当正偏差大于0.4 mm时，轮轨匹配等效锥度接近管理限值（0.35），车辆容易出现高锥度二次蛇行运动，垂向平稳性指标超过2.5，导致构架加速度、临界速度指标偏高；60N钢轨关键控制区域为轨顶中心偏工作边+20～+30 mm范围，该区域钢轨廓形偏差控制限值为-0.3～+0.4 mm。

The wheel-rail matching relationship of high-speed railway in our country is very complex，abnormal vibration situations of the EMU have successively occurred on Multiple high-speed rail lines. This paper researched the abnormal vibration conditions of trains such as typical framework lateral acceleration alarms、shaking and swaying， the impact of rail profile on the operational status of the EMU was analyzed through simulation calculations by establishing a vehicle-rail coupling dynamic model， and control limit on rail profile deviations were proposed. The results show that: Less-grinding or Lot-grinding can cause poor wheel-rail matching， and the equivalent conicity is too large or too small， which can easily lead to abnormal vibrations in EMUs; When the absolute value of negative deviation exceeds -0.3mm， the equivalent conicity of the wheel-rail matching has approached the management limit of 0.10， which it easy for the vehicle has exhibited once snake-like movement of low conicity， with the lateral stability index exceeding 2.5， leading to higher index of acceleration and comfort; When the positive deviation exceeds +0.4mm， the equivalent conicity of the wheel-rail matching has approached the management limit of 0.35， which it easy for the vehicle has exhibited second snake-like movement of high conicity， with the vertical stability index exceeding 2.5， leading to higher index of acceleration and critical speed; The key control area of the 60N rail is 20mm～30mm from the center of the rail head towards the working side， the control limit for rail profile deviation in this area is -0.3mm to +0.4mm.