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为提升双块式无砟轨道结构的服役性能，通过调研工程与应用实践，对双块式无砟轨道典型病害进行了系统总结。结果表明：双块式无砟轨道典型病害主要包括双块式轨枕伤损、道床与轨枕界面离缝、支承层或道床板开裂、底座板粉化等。轨枕伤损主要表现为轨枕挡肩裂纹、掉块、轨枕挡肩底脚45°斜裂纹；道床与轨枕界面离缝表现为道床与轨枕连接界面出现明显分离；支承层开裂主要表现为限位凹槽四角和横向开裂；道床板开裂主要表现为八字形裂纹、贯通裂缝、表面龟裂；底座板粉化表现为混凝土表面起砂、掉皮、剥落、掉块。针对上述病害类型，从生产、施工、材料、外界环境等方面分析其形成原因，成果可为建设-运营期双块式无砟轨道典型病害的预防及整治提供参考。
Abstract：In order to improve the service performance of the ballastless track with double block sleeper structure, a systematic summary of typical diseases of the ballastless track with double block sleeper was conducted through engineering research and application practice. The results show that the typical defects of the ballastless track with double block sleeper mainly include the deterioration of the double block sleepers, the gap between the ballast bed and sleepers, the cracking of the support layer or ballast bed slab, and the pulverization of the base slab. The main manifestations of rail sleeper deterioration are sleeper shoulder cracks, falling blocks, and 45° diagonal cracks at the foot of the rail sleeper shoulder. The gap between the ballast bed and the rail sleeper interface is manifested as a significant separation at the connection interface between the ballast bed and the rail sleeper. The cracking of the supporting layer is mainly manifested in the four corners cracking of the limiting groove and transverse cracking. The cracking of the ballast bed mainly manifests as splayed angle cracks, through cracks, and surface cracks. The pulverization of the base plate is manifested as sanding, peeling, flaking, and falling blocks on the surface of the concrete. Based on the above types of diseases, the causes of their formation were analyzed from the aspects of production, construction, materials, and external environment. The results can provide the reference for the prevention and treatment of typical diseases of ballastless track with double block sleeper during the construction-operation period.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:U216.41
引用信息:
[1]魏洪山,丰成林,孙润峰,等.双块式无砟轨道典型病害特征及形成原因分析[J].铁道建筑,2025,65(11):27-33.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划（2022YFB2603300）; 中国铁路上海局集团有限公司科研计划（2024146）; 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基金（2024YJ260）