铁道建筑

针对铁路线路状态综合评价问题，提出了一种基于熵权-TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution)的综合评价方法。首先，构建了包含几何不平顺和轨道结构状态的评价指标体系；而后，采用熵权法动态确定指标权重，结合TOPSIS模型对线路单元进行评分与等级划分；最后，以唐包铁路（唐山—包头）为例验证模型的有效性。结果表明，该方法能够准确识别设备薄弱环节，指导维修决策，提升维修效率，可为重载铁路线路的精准维修提供理论支持。

A comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight-TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution) was proposed for the comprehensive evaluation of railway line status. Firstly, an evaluation index system was constructed that includes geometric irregularity and track structure status. Then, the entropy weight method was used to dynamically determine the weights of the indicators, and the TOPSIS model was combined to score and classify the line units. Finally, the effectiveness of the model was verified using the TangshanBaotou railway as an example. The results indicate that this method can accurately identify weak links in equipment, guide maintenance decisions, improve maintenance efficiency, and provide theoretical support for precise maintenance of heavy haul railways.