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建立考虑板下不均匀沉降影响的高速列车-CRTSⅠ型板式无砟轨道-路基三维有限元模型，研究了路基退化对轨道变形、受力特性以及车辆动力响应的影响。结果表明：路基发生不均匀沉降时，轨道端部与路基的接触状态随沉降波长和幅值变化发生接触-分离转变，并在列车荷载作用下表现出明显的动力响应放大效应；在列车荷载作用下，路基局部压应力可升至约1 MPa。结合国内外铁路服役状态指标，对不同沉降工况的行车安全等级进行了综合评估。波长为10 m且幅值超过35 mm的不均匀沉降工况下轮轨垂向作用力为0，存在脱轨的潜在风险。建议将不均匀沉降波长10 m幅值20 mm、波长15 m幅值35 mm分别设定为轨道结构伤损与影响行车安全的关键控制限值。
Abstract：Based on a three-dimensional finite element model of the high speed train-CRTS Ⅰ type slab ballastless track-subgrade system, which incorporates the effects of uneven settlement beneath the track, this study investigated the impact of subgrade degradation on track deformation, stress characteristics, and vehicle dynamic responses. The results indicate that uneven settlement beneath the track slab leads to contact-separation transitions between the track and the subgrade, varying with the settlement wavelength and amplitude, and showing amplified dynamic responses under train loads. Additionally, train loads lead to subgrade compressive stresses reaching up to 1 MPa. By integrating international and domestic railway service status indicators, this paper conducts a comprehensive safety level evaluation for different operational conditions. Under the condition of differential settlement with a wavelength of 10 m and an amplitude exceeding 35 mm, the vertical wheel-rail force drops to zero, indicating a potential risk of derailment. It is recommended to set the critical control limits for track structure damage and operational safety at a wavelength of 10 m with an amplitude of 20 mm, and a wavelength of 15 m with an amplitude of 35 mm, respectively.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:U213.1;U211.5
引用信息:
[1]阮思伟,余雷,刘舜,等.高速铁路列车-轨道-路基耦合系统力学响应与路基不均匀沉降的映射关系[J].铁道建筑,2026,66(05):55-62.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（52378353）; 中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划（N2023G062）; 中铁工程设计咨询集团有限公司重点课题（KY2024A010）
2026-05-20
2026-05-20