铁道建筑

混凝土弹性轨枕可有效降低道床及下部基础的振动冲击作用，对延长道床养护维修周期具有重要意义。本文在实验室内落锤冲击试验研究的基础上，对比普通轨枕与弹性轨枕在不同落高条件下的振动特性，评估弹性轨枕对有砟轨道结构的减振效果。试验结果表明，在1～500 Hz频域内，弹性轨枕道床在轨枕处的振动加速度级增大，而道床及基础处振动加速度级有5～10 dB的减振效果。1/3倍频程分析显示，弹性轨枕对道床及基础50 Hz以上频率的振动衰减较为明显，对道床的最大减振效果为13 dB（中心频率400 Hz处），对基础的最大减振效果为9 dB（中心频率315 Hz处）。研究成果可为重载铁路有砟轨道线路中弹性轨枕的研究设计及应用推广提供技术支撑。

Concrete elastic sleepers can effectively reduce the vibration impact on the ballast bed and the underlying foundation, which is of great significance for extending the maintenance cycle of the ballast bed. Based on the drop hammer impact tests conducted in the laboratory, this paper compared the vibration characteristics of ordinary sleepers and elastic sleepers under different drop heights to assess the vibration reduction effect of elastic sleepers on ballasted track structures. The test results show that within the frequency range of 1 ～ 500 Hz, the vibration acceleration level of the ballast bed and sleeper with elastic sleepers increases, while the vibration acceleration level at the ballast bed and foundation has a damping effect of 5 ～ 10 dB. The 1/3 octave analysis shows that the elastic sleeper has a more significant attenuation effect on the vibration of the ballast bed and foundation at frequencies above 50 Hz. The maximum damping effect on the ballast bed is 13 dB(at the center frequency of 400 Hz), and the maximum damping effect on the foundation is 9 dB(at the center frequency of 315 Hz). The research results can provide technical support for the research, design, and application promotion of elastic sleepers in heavy haul railway ballasted track lines.