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针对海洋环境下预制沉管结构在大风与大温差耦合作用下易发生早期开裂的问题，本文围绕沉管结构混凝土温度-应力场响应特征及混凝土抗裂途径开展研究。通过构建九种工况，分析沉管混凝土的温度应力特征。同时开展夏季高温、秋季常温、冬期低温等条件下的足尺模型试验，并结合工程实测，对关键热学参数、风速效应及养护措施进行综合验证。计算结果表明：高温与高应力集中于顶板中部、底板中部、板墙交界等强约束区；温度应力随时间由表面向内部迁移，冬季内外温差与表面拉应力更为显著。足尺模型试验表明：拆模后在大风低温条件下，养护中断易诱发底板端面产生温缩裂缝。风速对侧墙与端面温度应力影响显著，约5 m/s时最为不利。将夏季入模温度控制在28℃以下，冬季控制在约10℃，并配合保温与蒸汽养护，合理利用自然风初期散热并在温度峰值前采取挡风措施，可有效降低温度梯度与开裂风险。工程应用验证了该温控与养护体系在大体积沉管混凝土施工中的可行性与有效性。
Abstract：In response to the problem of early cracking of prefabricated immersed tube structures under the coupling effect of strong winds and large temperature differences in marine environments, research was conducted on the temperature-stress field response characteristics of immersed tube concrete and the crack resistance pathways of concrete. The temperature stress characteristics of immersed concrete were analyzed by constructing nine working conditions. Simultaneously the full-scale model tests under conditions of high temperature in summer, normal temperature in autumn, and low temperature in winter were conducted, and by combining with engineering measurements, the key thermal parameters, wind speed effects, and maintenance measures were comprehensively verified. The calculation results indicate that high temperature and high stress are concentrated in strong constraint zones such as the middle of the top plate, the middle of the bottom plate, and the boundary between the plate and the wall. The temperature stress migrates from the surface to the interior over time, and the temperature difference between inside and outside in winter and the surface tensile stress is more significant. Full scale tests have shown that maintenance interruption under high wind and low temperature conditions after demoulding can easily induce thermal shrinkage cracks on the bottom plate end face. The wind speed has a significant impact on the temperature stress of the side walls and end faces, and is most unfavorable at around 5 m/s. By controlling the molding temperature below 28 ℃ in summer and around 10 ℃ in winter, combined with insulation and steam curing, the natural wind for initial heat dissipation was utilized rationally and the windproof measures was taken before the temperature peak, and the temperature gradient and cracking risk can be effectively reduced. The engineering application has verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the temperature control and curing system in the construction of large volume immersed tube concrete.
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基本信息:
中图分类号:U459.5
引用信息:
[1]申昌洲,吴海森,高英力,等.大风与大温差环境下沉管结构混凝土的抗裂性能[J].铁道建筑().
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金（52278239）; 中交四航局第二工程有限公司科技开发项目（20240031227）
2026-06-03
2026-06-03
2026-06-03